Define complex number

Let us learn about complex numbers,
A complex number z can be expressed as:

Where,
is the imaginary unit. Both x and y are real numbers. They are called the real and imaginary parts of z, respectively.

The complex number z can also be expressed in exponential and polar forms:

where,

In the above equations, r is called the modulus of z and teta is the argument or phase angle of z. It can easily be shown that:

Hope the above explanation helped you.